The
first time you go through the costs to start up your new business, you do
not need to be particularly precise. You can just "ball park" the
amount to get a rough idea of your expected start-up costs. As you refine
your business idea and shop around for the various items you need to make it
happen, you will be continually narrowing down your estimates, and
eventually you'll arrive at the actual dollar figures.
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Here are the common kinds of startup expenses that most
small businesses face:
Research and development costs. Whether
you hire a market research firm or do research by yourself, you need to
budget for costs involved in knowing more about your market. Interviewing
potential customers or suppliers, checking the Yellow Pages, or photocopying
trade publications and articles about your business all involve costs.
Business Plan Preparation. If you are
preparing your business plan yourself, the only cost to you is your time.
However, there are entrepreneurs who need help in developing their business
plans. If you are one of those business owners, you need to input the costs
of hiring consultants or business plan writers into your initial budget.
Product Development and Beginning Inventory. This
will be your most significant start-up cost. To get a better estimate, you
can ask potential suppliers for required inventory levels for your type of
business. Some entrepreneurs, particularly those who create their own
products, take years of product development before a prototype can be
launched. You need to factor in the length of time that will take you to
develop your first products.
Advertising and Marketing Promotion Expenses.
You can chose to have some 'buzz' for your business, even before you
officially open. Some entrepreneurs do a pre-launch campaign to generate
interest for their products or services. You can also plan for a "grand
opening" promotion as well. The cost, of course, will depend on how
simple or elaborate your pre-launch activities will be.
Cash. This refers to the amount of
cash that you need to run your cash register. One thing that your business
should never be caught without is cash.
Cost of Financing. You also need to
allocate some funds to help you cover your cost of financing, whether you
got your funds from the bank or from your credit card. Be prepared to pay
the interests of your loans, particularly if you used your credit cards to
finance your business.
Remodeling and Decorating. This will
include physical and cosmetic improvements to the new business facility.
Solicit bids from contractors or interior designers, even if you decide to
do everything later on, to give you an idea of how much these jobs cost.
Fixtures and Equipment. The fixtures
and equipment needed for your new business are normally substantial,
depending on your kind of business. A restaurant business, for example, will
need modern kitchen equipment, chairs and tables, tableware and utensils. On
the other hand, a home business will require significantly less in terms of
fixtures and equipment. Computers, fax machines, modems are some of the most
important equipment that you would need. In addition, you should provide
some budget for the costs of installing all the fixtures and equipment and
making sure that these are ready for use.
Hiring employees. Allocate a few
months' salary for the payroll of your new employees. While employee costs
will not actually start until you are open for business, some entrepreneurs
hire a few employees even before the business is launched to help in the
initial groundwork.
Insurance Costs. You will need
liability and property insurance to protect yourself and any business
assets. Some other businesses also require workers' compensation, health,
life, fire, product liability and professional malpractice insurance. Check
what you need for the kind of your business.
Lease Payments. These include amounts
that must be paid for equipment and facility leases before opening. Expect
to pay several months' worth of lease payments even before you open your
doors for business.
Licenses and Permits. This amount
will include all fees charged by the local, state and federal agencies. The
more regulated your industry, the higher the fees and charges. Various
states also have a different licensing requirements and fee structure. If
your business is based in California, for example, expect to spend for
putting a legal announcement in the newspaper to announce your new business.
In Virginia, there are no such requirements.
Professional Fees. You will probably
need the assistance of a lawyer in drawing up the proper documents and
filing them with the state if you are forming a partnership, Limited
Liability Company or corporation. You can opt to incorporate your own
business yourself, as long as you understand each form and requirements.
Part of the professional fees you need to budget include the accountant's
fees, should you decide to outsource your record keeping or accounting
tasks.
Signage costs. The signs for your
business establishment can leave a significant dent on your budget. Obtain
bids from sign companies, depending on how elaborate you plan your signs to
be.
Supplies. This is the part of your
budget for all the office, cleaning and employee supplies that your business
needs in its first few months. To help you save, try buying wholesale if you
can meet the minimum order requirements.
Cost of Web Site creation. If you are
planning to supplement your brick-and-mortar business with online
operations, you need to budget for the costs of creating a web site. These
include web-hosting fees, web designer, e-commerce components (shopping
cart, merchant account, etc). You also need to allocate some amount to cover
the marketing and promotion expenses of your online business.
Unanticipated expenses. The rule of
thumb is to allocate about 10 percent of your total start-up budget for
contingencies and other unexpected expenses